Government use laws by state

132 bills on government use in 43 jurisdictions, 16 of them enacted in 2025 and 2026. The laws come first, with what each requires, then the bills that moved most recently.

  • 16 laws enacted in 2025 and 2026, in 9 states. Most: California (4), New York (3), Texas (3).
  • 132 bills in 43 jurisdictions, 21 of them in Congress. Latest action 29 October 2026.

Updated 2 November 2026LawsRecent billsBy state

Enacted in 2025 and 2026

16 laws, by state. Laws enacted before 2025 are not listed.

Arkansas

  • Enacted

    HB 1958: To require public entities to create a policy concerning the authorized use of artificial intelligence.

    This amendment adds Senator J. English as a cosponsor to House Bill 1958, which requires public entities to create a policy concerning the authorized use of artificial intelligence.

California

  • Enacted

    SB 1159: Artificial intelligence: transparency and governance.

    A person must not knowingly use artificial intelligence to falsely represent that a natural person appeared before, submitted information to, or otherwise engaged with a governmental agency. Governmental agencies may use disclosure verification tools to determine if artificial intelligence is present in engagement with transparency and governance laws.

    Takes effect 1 January 2027

  • Enacted

    AB 1405: Artificial intelligence: auditors: registration.

    Beginning January 1, 2027, AI auditors must enroll with the Government Operations Agency before conducting covered audits, pay enrollment fees, provide specified information including legal name and contact details, conduct audits according to widely recognized industry standards, provide auditees with detailed audit reports, and may not accept employment with auditees within 12 months of completing audits.

    Takes effect 1 January 2027

  • Enacted

    SB 813: Independent verification organizations.

    Establishes the California Artificial Intelligence Standards and Safety Commission to develop AI safety standards, designate independent verification organizations to audit AI systems, and oversee compliance with best practices for preventing personal injury and property damage from AI deployment.

    Takes effect 1 January 2027

  • Enacted

    AB 979: California Cybersecurity Integration Center: artificial intelligence.

    The California Cybersecurity Integration Center must develop a California AI Cybersecurity Collaboration Playbook by January 1, 2027, in consultation with the Office of Information Security and the Government Operations Agency. The playbook must include mandatory information sharing mechanisms for state contractors and vendors providing artificial intelligence services regarding potential threats and vulnerabilities.

Kansas

  • Enacted

    HB 2313: Senate Substitute for HB 2313 by Committee on Federal and State Affairs - Prohibiting the use of the artificial intelligence platform DeepSeek and other artificial intelligence platforms controlled by a country of concern on state-owned devices and on any state network and the use of genetic sequencers or operational software used for genetic analysis that is produced in a foreign adversary.

    State agencies must prohibit employees from using state-issued electronic devices to access artificial intelligence platforms of concern and must prohibit installation of applications allowing such access on state devices. State agencies must prohibit use of artificial intelligence platforms of concern on any network operated by the state agency. State agencies currently using such platforms must deactivate and delete their accounts.

Kentucky

  • Enacted

    SB 4: AN ACT relating to protection of information and declaring an emergency.

    Departments, agencies, and administrative bodies must obtain approval from the Commonwealth Office of Technology before developing, implementing, employing, or procuring generative artificial intelligence systems or high-risk artificial intelligence systems. They must disclose to the public when such systems render decisions affecting citizens or businesses, provide human validation of outcomes, and prohibit unexplainable AI in decision-making processes.

Montana

  • Enacted

    HB 178: Limit government use of AI systems

    Government entities and state officers must not use artificial intelligence systems for cognitive behavioral manipulation, unlawful discrimination, deceptive purposes, or public space surveillance except to locate missing persons or under Title 44 chapter 15 part 1. They must disclose AI-produced material not reviewed by a human and must disclose AI use in public interfaces. AI recommendations or decisions affecting rights must be reviewed and subject to rejection by a qualified human.

New York

  • Enacted

    S 8831: Relates to the use of automated employment decision-making tools and artificial intelligence systems by certain state and local entities; repealer

    Covered entities that utilize automated employment decision-making tools must publish a list of such tools on their website no later than December 30 next succeeding the date this section becomes law, and annually thereafter, to the extent feasible. The use of artificial intelligence systems shall not affect existing collective bargaining rights, result in discharge or displacement of employees, or transfer existing duties to artificial intelligence systems.

  • Enacted

    S 7599: Relates to automated decision-making by government agencies

    Government agencies must publish lists of automated decision-making tools on their websites by December 30 following the effective date and annually thereafter. Agencies must conduct impact assessments before deploying tools and at least every two years thereafter, testing for accuracy, fairness, bias, discrimination, cybersecurity risks, and public health or safety risks. If an impact assessment finds discriminatory or biased outcomes, the agency must cease using the tool.

  • Enacted

    S 822: Relates to the disclosure of automated employment decision-making tools and maintaining an artificial intelligence inventory

    State agencies that utilize automated employment decision-making tools must publish a list of such tools on their website by December 30 next succeeding the effective date and annually thereafter, including a description, start date, purpose and use summary, and other relevant information. The office must maintain an inventory of state agency artificial intelligence systems and post it on the New York state open data website by December 30 next succeeding the effective date and annually thereafter.

    Took effect 1 July 2025

Oregon

  • Enacted

    HB 3936: Relating to the security of state assets.

    State agencies must prohibit covered products from being installed, downloaded, used or accessed on state information technology assets, and must remove any covered products already present. The State Chief Information Officer must adopt rules designating covered vendors and defining national security threats. The Secretary of State and State Treasurer have similar prohibitions for their respective assets.

    Took effect 1 January 2026

Texas

  • Enacted

    HB 2818: Relating to the artificial intelligence division within the Department of Information Resources.

    The Department of Information Resources shall establish an artificial intelligence division to assist state agencies and other entities in implementing generative artificial intelligence technology for modernizing legacy systems and other appropriate projects. The division shall prepare cost analysis reports for each completed project documenting time, money, and resources saved.

    Took effect 1 September 2025

  • Enacted

    HB 3512: Relating to artificial intelligence training programs for certain employees and officials of state agencies and local governments.

    State agencies and local governments must annually identify employees and officials who use computers for at least 25 percent of required duties and require them to complete certified cybersecurity and artificial intelligence training programs. The Department of Information Resources must certify at least five artificial intelligence training programs annually.

    Took effect 1 September 2025

  • Enacted

    SB 1964: Relating to the regulation and use of artificial intelligence systems and the management of data by governmental entities.

    State agencies and local governments must adopt an artificial intelligence system code of ethics and minimum standards for heightened scrutiny artificial intelligence systems. State agencies deploying public-facing or consequential-decision artificial intelligence systems must provide standardized notices and conduct impact assessments. Vendors must implement risk management frameworks when deploying heightened scrutiny systems.

    Took effect 1 September 2025

Utah

  • Enacted

    HB 320: Office of Artificial Intelligence Policy Amendments

    The Office of Artificial Intelligence Policy must create and administer an artificial intelligence learning laboratory program, establish rules for participant procedures and requirements, and report annually to the Business and Labor Interim Committee. Participants in regulatory mitigation or joint interpretation agreements must comply with specified terms, limitations, safeguards, disclosures, and reporting requirements.

    Took effect 6 May 2026

Bills that moved most recently

The 25 open government use bills with the latest action. The AI Legislation Tracker follows all 132.

  • New Jersey A 5729: Requires certain State agencies to establish expedited approval and permitting procedures for artificial intelligence data centers that bring their own power.

    In committee

  • New Hampshire HB 1506: creating an exception to the restricted uses of artificial intelligence by state agencies.

    What it would do: Allows state agency commissioners or heads to request exceptions to restricted artificial intelligence uses. The Department of Information Technology establishes the request procedure, and the Executive Council makes final approval decisions.

    In committee

  • Ohio HB 1032: Regards AI use by state agencies and in labor and employment

    Introduced

  • Puerto Rico PS 1210: Para enmendar el inciso (f)del Artículo 6 de la Ley 75-2019, según enmendada, conocida como “Ley de la Puerto Rico Innovation and Technology Services”, a los fines de incorporar el desarrollo y la implementación de una aplicación tecnológica basada en inteligencia artificial (IA), para el monitoreo eficiente, transparente y automatizado de los procesos de subasta pública en el Gobierno de Puerto Rico; y para otros fines relacionados.

    What it would do: Amends Law 75-2019 to require PRITS to develop and implement an artificial intelligence-based platform to monitor Puerto Rico government public auction processes, with oversight by the General Services Administration, Inspector General, and Government Ethics Office.

    Passed chamber

  • Congress H.R. 10768: To establish the Office of Artificial Intelligence and Emerging Technology Threats within the Executive Office of the President, and for other purposes.

    In committee

  • Puerto Rico RS 604: Para ordenar a la Comisión de lo Jurídico del Senado de Puerto Rico realizar una investigación exhaustiva sobre la adquisición, instalación, administración y utilización por parte de las agencias, instrumentalidades, corporaciones públicas y municipios del Gobierno de Puerto Rico de cámaras y sistemas de vigilancia que utilicen tecnologías de reconocimiento facial, reconocimiento biométrico, lectura o reconocimiento automatizado de tablillas de vehículos de motor, inteligencia artificial o cualquier otra tecnología capaz de identificar, clasificar, localizar, rastrear o crear perfiles de personas o vehículos; investigar la recopilación, almacenamiento, análisis, búsqueda, acceso, transferencia e intercambio de los datos obtenidos mediante dichos sistemas; determinar las entidades públicas y privadas, estatales, municipales o federales que tienen acceso a estos datos; examinar la utilización de estas tecnologías; y evaluar las salvaguardas existentes para proteger los derechos a la intimidad, dignidad y libertades de la ciudadanía.

    What it would do: This resolution would order the Senate's Legal Affairs Commission to conduct an exhaustive investigation into government agencies' acquisition, installation, and use of surveillance cameras and systems employing facial recognition, biometric recognition, automated license plate reading, artificial intelligence, or similar technologies.

    In committee

  • Pennsylvania HB 2785: An Act amending the act of March 10, 1949 (P.L.30, No.14), known as the Public School Code of 1949, in books, furniture and supplies, providing for procurement and technology requirements.

    What it would do: Requires school entities contracting with third parties for artificial intelligence technology to include provisions protecting student and employee data privacy, prohibiting biometric collection and data sales, and mandating 90-day data deletion after contract termination. Requires third parties to report to the Department of Education.

    Passed committee

  • New Jersey S 4075: Regulates use of artificial intelligence-based systems for electronic monitoring regarding employment and public services.

    What it would do: Regulates artificial intelligence-based systems for employment monitoring and public service decisions by requiring impact assessments, prohibiting invasive surveillance and discriminatory uses, mandating employee notification and appeal rights, and establishing human oversight requirements.

    Passed committee

  • Pennsylvania HR 425: A Resolution urging the United States Congress to suspend any and all efforts to pass Federal legislation that would impose a moratorium on state-level artificial intelligence regulation; recognizing the potential benefits along with the risks of misuse and systemic harm of artificial intelligence; acknowledging the importance of state regulation of such technologies; and reaffirming the Pennsylvania General Assembly's sovereign authority to legislate for the protection of Pennsylvanians.

    What it would do: The resolution urges the President and Congress to advance U.S. artificial intelligence leadership, establish national policy for advanced AI models addressing safety and security risks, and work with states on coordinated policies protecting the public while supporting innovation.

    Passed chamber

  • Congress H.R. 10417: VA AI Transparency Act of 2026

    In committee

  • Congress H.R. 10418: VA Claims AI Accountability Act

    In committee

  • Congress H.R. 7294: AI for Secure Networks Act

    What it would do: Requires the Secretary of Commerce to study how artificial intelligence technology impacts telecommunications network security, including AI's potential to improve security and any risks it poses, and to report findings to Congress within one year after consulting with the FCC and industry stakeholders.

    Passed committee

  • Puerto Rico PS 1226: Para establecer la “Ley de Transparencia y Supervisión en el Uso de la Inteligencia Artificial en las Reclamaciones de Seguros”; enmendar el Artículo 1.120 y añadir un nuevo Capítulo 55 en la Ley Núm. 77 de 19 de junio de 1957, según enmendada, conocida como “Código de Seguros de Puerto Rico”, a los fines de instituir la política pública que regirá para salvaguardar los derechos fundamentales de los ciudadanos, prevenir decisiones arbitrarias o injustas, mitigar los riesgos inherentes al uso de la inteligencia artificial y a los sesgos algorítmicos y promover la transparencia, la rendición de cuentas y la confianza pública en el sistema de seguros de Puerto Rico, durante los procesos de reclamaciones de los consumidores de seguros; y para otros fines relacionados.

    What it would do: Requires insurers to have qualified human professionals review and approve any denial or reduction of insurance claims, prohibiting decisions based exclusively on automated systems, and mandates transparency, record-keeping, and provides insureds the right to human review within 15 days.

    In committee

  • Congress H.R. 9939: No AI Data Centers on Federal Lands Act

    What it would do: Prohibits construction and operation of Artificial Intelligence Data Centers on Federal land and requires agencies to cease operations and remove any existing AI Data Centers and associated infrastructure within 30 days of enactment.

    In committee

  • Congress H.R. 9566: To establish a pilot program for use by U.S. Customs and Border Protection at land ports of entry along the Arizona border to assess the use of artificial intelligence through an anomaly detection algorithm, and for other purposes.

    In committee

  • Illinois SB 2780: $cms-AI procurement

    What it would do: Appropriates $250,000 from the General Revenue Fund to the Department of Central Management Services to grant to Amp AI (doing business as Nozma) for a procurement modernization and artificial intelligence pilot program, effective July 1, 2026.

    In committee

  • California AB 2412: State agencies or departments: public communications.

    What it would do: Requires state agencies using generative AI to directly communicate with the public to include a disclaimer indicating the communication was AI-generated and provide information on contacting a human employee, with specific placement requirements based on communication type.

    Passed chamber

  • Puerto Rico PS 820: Para crear la Ley de Alfabetización Mediática y Digital de Puerto Rico con el fin de garantizar que el estudiantado del sistema público de enseñanza desarrolle competencias de alfabetización mediática y digital donde se fomente el uso responsable de la tecnología y de la inteligencia artificial (IA), y fortalecer la resiliencia ciudadana ante la desinformación y manipulación digital; y para otros fines relacionados.

    What it would do: Creates the Media and Digital Literacy Law of Puerto Rico to ensure public school students develop media and digital literacy competencies, promote responsible technology and artificial intelligence use, and strengthen citizen resilience against disinformation and digital manipulation.

    Passed chamber

  • Congress H.R. 9341: AI-Ready Federal Data Guidelines Act

    What it would do: Requires the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology to develop voluntary guidelines for federal agencies to prepare datasets for artificial intelligence model training, and authorizes pilot programs not exceeding one year to test these guidelines in specific sectors.

    Passed committee

  • Congress H.R. 9363: AI Security and Innovation Act

    What it would do: Amends the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 to establish a Center for AI Security and Innovation within NIST to measure AI risks, support information exchange on mitigation, and ensure U.S. leadership in AI research and evaluation through 2032.

    Passed committee

  • Congress H.R. 8881: SBA Artificial Intelligence Utilization Act of 2026

    Passed chamber

  • Puerto Rico PS 622: Para crear la "Ley de Transparencia y Derecho a la Interacción Humana en Servicios Públicos Asistidos por Inteligencia Artificial", a los fines de requerir que las agendas y corporaciones públicas del Gobierno de Puerto Rico que informen a los ciudadanos cuando estén interactuando con sistemas automatizados o inteligencia artificial y garantizar el derecho a solicitar la intervención de un ser humano en la prestación de servicios públicos; y para otros fines relacionados.

    What it would do: Requires Puerto Rico government agencies and public corporations to notify citizens when they interact with automated systems or artificial intelligence, and guarantees citizens the right to request human intervention in public service delivery.

    Passed chamber

  • Congress H.R. 9323: Department of Advanced Technology and Artificial Intelligence Act

    In committee

  • Congress S. 4707: Responsible Artificial Intelligence Defense Act of 2026

    In committee

  • New Jersey A 3087: Directs DEP to establish artificial intelligence flood prediction and mapping tool.

    What it would do: Directs the Department of Environmental Protection to develop and implement an artificial intelligence tool to predict and map flood risk at the block or neighborhood level using satellite imagery, rainfall data, and climate models, and to make it available to municipalities, counties, emergency management officials, and the public.

    Passed committee

Government use laws, state by state

Questions

Which states have government use laws?

States that enacted government use laws in 2025 and 2026: California (4), New York (3), Texas (3), Arkansas (1), Kansas (1), Kentucky (1), Montana (1), Oregon (1) and Utah (1). Laws enacted before 2025 are not listed here.

Which states have the most government use bills?

Congress (21), California (9), New Jersey (9), New York (9) and Puerto Rico (8). In all, 132 bills in 43 jurisdictions, the latest action on 29 October 2026.

What do government use bills cover?

State and local agencies' own use of AI: inventories, procurement, impact assessments, and AI in public benefits and public services. Each enacted law above has a line on what it requires.

Is this legal advice?

No. Which bills count as government use bills, and the line on what each law requires or each bill would do, are drafted by software and not reviewed by an attorney. Every bill links to the legislature’s own record: read the text before relying on it. The list covers bills from the 2025 and 2026 sessions.

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